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Lymphedema Care

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What Is Lymphedema?

The lymphatic system collects lymph fluid (excess fluid, proteins, and other substances) from the body issues and carries it back to the bloodstream.
Lymph fluid moves slowly through lymphatic vessels and passes through lymph nodes as it returns to the bloodstream. Swelling occurs when the normal drainage of fluid is disrupted, and lymph fluid accumulates in the body tissues. This can be due to a blockage or surgical removal of lymph nodes. This results in large amounts of lymph fluid collecting in the tissue.
• Weakness in your arm or leg.
• Inability to move certain joints, such as your wrist or ankle, as freely as usual.
• Pitting (indentation) in the tissues of your limb (made by pressing a finger on the skin that takes time to "fill in" after removing the pressure).
• Clothing, rings, bracelets, or shoes that fit tighter than before.
• Repeated infections in your arm or leg.
• Joint pain.
• Difficulty doing your daily activities.

Signs and Symptoms

With lymphedema, you may have:
• Swelling in your arms, legs, shoulders, hands, fingers, chest, or neck.
• Skin that feels tighter, harder, or thicker than normal in the affected area.
• Aching, tingling, or a feeling that your arm or leg is heavy.

For more severe swelling, your physical therapist may use a treatment plan called complete decongestive therapy to help improve the flow of lymph fluid .
This includes:
• Manual lymphatic drainage,which feels like a light form of massage.
• A personalized exercise program.
• Compression bandaging to help reduce your swelling.
• Providing you with information on skin and nail hygiene to reduce the risk of infection.

How Can a Physical Therapist Help?

Your physical therapist will serve as an important member of your health care team. They w ill work closely with you to design a treatment program to help control the swelling and meet your goals for returning to your activities.
In the early stages of lymphedema, w hen the swelling is mild, it often can be managed by techniques that encourage lymph flow such as:
• Compression garments.
• Exercise.
Elevation of the affected limb